Kamar yadda duk wanda ya gyara gashin kansa ya sani, ruwa makiya ne.Gashi da zafi ya miqe da kyar zai koma cikin murzawa a minti daya ya taba ruwa.Me yasa?Domin gashi yana da memory memory.Abubuwan da ke cikin kayan sa suna ba shi damar canza siffar don amsa wasu abubuwan motsa jiki kuma ya koma ainihin siffarsa don amsawa ga wasu.
Idan wasu kayan, musamman ma yadi, suna da irin wannan nau'in ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya fa?Ka yi tunanin t-shirt mai huɗa mai sanyaya wanda ke buɗewa lokacin da danshi ya bayyana kuma a rufe idan ya bushe, ko girman-daidai-duk tufafin da ke shimfiɗawa ko raguwa zuwa ma'aunin mutum.
Yanzu, masu bincike a Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) sun ɓullo da wani abu mai dacewa wanda za'a iya buga 3D-buga cikin kowane nau'i kuma an riga an tsara shi tare da ƙwaƙwalwar siffar juyawa.Ana yin kayan ta amfani da keratin, furotin fibrous wanda aka samo a cikin gashi, kusoshi da harsashi.Masu binciken sun fitar da keratin daga ulun Agora da aka yi amfani da su wajen kera masaku.
Binciken zai iya taimakawa ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na rage sharar gida a masana'antar keɓe, ɗayan manyan masu gurɓata yanayi a duniya.Tuni, masu zane-zane irin su Stella McCarthy suna sake tunanin yadda masana'antu ke amfani da kayan aiki, ciki har da ulu.
"Tare da wannan aikin, mun nuna cewa ba wai kawai za mu iya sake yin amfani da ulu ba amma za mu iya gina abubuwa daga ulun da aka sake yin amfani da su wanda ba a taba tunanin ba," in ji Kit Parker, Farfesa na Tarr Family Farfesa na Bioengineering da Applied Physics a SEAS da kuma babban jami'in. marubucin takarda.“Abubuwan da ke tattare da dorewar albarkatun kasa a fili suke.Tare da furotin keratin da aka sake yin fa'ida, za mu iya yin yawa, ko fiye, fiye da abin da aka yi ta hanyar sarar dabbobi har zuwa yau, kuma, ta yin hakan, muna rage tasirin muhalli na masana'antar yadi da na zamani."
An buga binciken a cikin Abubuwan Halittu.
Makullin iya canza siffar keratin shine tsarinsa na matsayi, in ji Luca Cera, wani abokin karatun digiri a SEAS kuma marubucin farko na takarda.
An shirya sarkar keratin guda ɗaya zuwa wani tsari mai kama da bazara wanda aka sani da alpha-helix.Biyu daga cikin waɗannan sarƙoƙi suna murɗa wuri ɗaya don samar da wani tsari da aka sani da murɗa.Yawancin waɗannan dunƙulewar naɗe ana haɗa su cikin sinadarai kuma a ƙarshe manyan zaruruwa.
"Kungiyoyin helix na alpha da haɗin haɗin haɗin gwiwar suna ba da kayan duka ƙarfi da ƙwaƙwalwa," in ji Cera.
Lokacin da aka shimfiɗa fiber ko fallasa ga wani abin ƙara kuzari, sifofi masu kama da bazara suna buɗewa, kuma haɗin gwiwar suna daidaitawa don samar da fakitin beta-tsaye.Fiber ɗin ya kasance a wannan matsayi har sai an kunna shi ya koma cikin ainihin siffarsa.
Don nuna wannan tsari, masu binciken 3D-buga keratin zanen gado a cikin nau'i-nau'i iri-iri.Sun tsara siffa ta dindindin ta kayan - siffar da koyaushe za ta koma lokacin da aka kunna ta - ta amfani da maganin hydrogen peroxide da monosodium phosphate.
Da zarar an saita žwažwalwar ajiya, za a iya sake tsara takardar kuma a ƙera su zuwa sababbin siffofi.
Misali, takardar keratin ɗaya an naɗe shi cikin hadadden tauraro origami a matsayin siffa ta dindindin.Da zarar an saita ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, masu binciken sun dunƙule tauraron a cikin ruwa, inda ya buɗe kuma ya zama mai lalacewa.Daga can, suka mirgina takardar a cikin wani m tube.Da zarar an bushe, an kulle takardar a matsayin cikakken tsayayye da bututu mai aiki.Don sauya tsarin, sun mayar da bututun cikin ruwa, inda ya kwance kuma ya koma cikin tauraron origami.
"Wannan mataki-mataki biyu na 3D bugu kayan aiki sannan kuma saita sifofinsa na dindindin yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar sifofi masu rikitarwa na gaske tare da fasalin tsarin ƙasa zuwa matakin micron," in ji Cera."Wannan ya sa kayan ya dace da ɗimbin aikace-aikace daga yadi zuwa injiniyan nama."
Parker ya ce "Ko kuna amfani da zaruruwa irin wannan don yin brassieres wanda girman kofinsa da siffarsa za a iya keɓance su a kowace rana, ko kuna ƙoƙarin yin yadudduka masu motsa jiki don maganin jiyya, yuwuwar aikin Luca yana da faɗi da ban sha'awa," in ji Parker."Muna ci gaba da sake tunanin masana'anta ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin halitta azaman kayan aikin injiniya kamar ba a taɓa yin amfani da su ba."
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba 21-2020